Navigation systems are a critical component of any aircraft, allowing pilots to safely navigate through the air and reach their destination. Here are some of the most common navigation systems found in aircraft:

GPS: GPS stands for Global Positioning System and uses satellites to provide accurate positioning information. GPS is the primary navigation system used in modern aircraft.

Inertial Navigation System (INS): INS uses accelerometers and gyroscopes to track an aircraft's position and velocity. It is often used as a backup to GPS and can be used to navigate in areas where GPS signals are not available.

VOR/DME: VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) are two navigation systems that work together to provide pilots with accurate positioning information. VOR provides directional information, while DME provides distance information.

NDB: NDB (Non-Directional Beacon) is a low-frequency radio transmitter that provides directional information to pilots. It is often used in conjunction with other navigation systems.

FMS: FMS (Flight Management System) is a computerized navigation system that integrates many of the other navigation systems on board an aircraft. It allows pilots to enter their flight plan and then automatically navigates the aircraft along that route.

In addition to these navigation systems, pilots also use charts and other visual aids to help them navigate. Modern aircraft also have advanced avionics systems that provide pilots with real-time weather and traffic information, helping them to make informed decisions about their flight path.